Classes
Discontinued
DEA Class; Discontinued
Common Brand Names; Talacen
- Analgesics, Opioid Combos;
- Analgesics, Opioid Partial Agonist
Description
Pentazocine: Opioid agonist; inhibits ascending pain pathways, which causes alteration in response to pain; produces analgesia, respiratory depression, and sedation
Acetaminophen: Nonopiate, nonsalicylate analgesic: may work peripherally to block pain impulse generation; acts on hypothalamus to produce antipyresis
Indications
Pain
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Hepatitis or severe hepatic/renal impairment
Toxin-mediated diarrhea
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis
Respiratory depression
Adverse Effects
Pentazocine
Circulatory depression, increased blood pressure, shock, tachycardia
Apprehension, confusion and hallucinations (especially in elderly), depression, disturbed dreams, dizziness, euphoria, floating feeling, headache, insomnia lightheadedness, nervousness, sedation, syncope, weakness or faintness
Diaphoresis, flushed skin (including plethora), rash, pruritus, urticaria, edema of the face
Abdominal distress, anorexia, constipation, cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
Depression of leukocytes (especially granulocytes), moderate transient eosinophilia
Cutaneous depression, stinging, soft tissue induration, nodules, , ulceration, severe sclerosis of the skin
Blurred vision, focusing difficulty, nystagmus, diplopia, miosis
Acetaminophen
Laryngeal edema
Angioedema
Pruritic maculopapular, rash, urticaria
Agranulocytosis, leukopenia, neutropenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura
Hepatotoxicity
Anaphylactoid reaction
Warnings
May cause physical and psychological dependence
Acetaminophen associated with cases of acute liver failure, at times resulting in liver transplant and death; risk increases in individuals with underlying liver disease, alcohol ingestion, and/or use of more than 1 acetaminophen-containing product (see Black Box Warnings)
Acetaminophen: Risk for rare, but serious skin reactions that can be fatal; these reactions include Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP); symptoms may include skin redness, blisters and rash
G6PD deficiency
Acute asthma
Bradycardia
Chronic respiratory disease, cardiac conduction disorder
Head injury, intracranial hypertension
Inflammatory bowel disease, acute abdominal pain
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Biliary spasm
Liver disease
Drug dependence, substance abuse
Epilepsy
Gallbladder disease
Hypotension
Hypothyroidism
Mood changes
Urinary system procedure
Renal disease
Urethral stricture
Pregnancy and Lactation
Pregnancy category: (pentazocine) C; D if used for prolonged periods or near term
Lactation: Unknown if excreted in breast milk, use caution
Maximum Dosage
1 tablet PO q4hr; not to exceed 6 tablets/day
Pediatric
Dose determined by pain severity and patient response
<12 years: Safety & efficacy not established
12 years or older: 1 tablet PO q4hr; not to exceed 6 tablets/day