Articaine/Epinephrine

4
Articaine/Epinephrine
Brands

DEA Class;  Rx

Common Brand Names; Septocaine, Zorcaine with Epinephrine, Orabloc

  • Local Anesthetics, Amides; 
  • Local Anesthetics, Dental; 
  • Local Anesthetics, Parenteral

Local anesthetics prevent generation/conduction of nerve impulses by reducing sodium permeability and increasing action potential threshold

Indicated in Local, Infiltrative, or Conductive Anesthesia in Dental Procedures

Hyperensitivity to amide-type local anesthetics, sulfites

  • Facial edema
  • Headache
  • Pain
  • Paresthesia
  • Sleepiness
  • Gingivitis
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Infection

Systemic absorption of significant concentrations of local anesthetic can produce myocardial depression, cardiac conduction changes, CNS excitation, convulsions, and cardiorespiratory arrest, facial paralysis, hemorrhage, hyperesthesia, methemoglobinemia

Vasoconstrictor epinephrine, will promote local hemostasis, decrease systemic absorption, increase duration of action

Local anesthetics may produce cardiovascular effects when absorbed

Risk of methemoglobinemia and sudden respiratory arrest

CNS toxicity may occur; monitor state of consciousness, drowsiness, restlessness, anxiety, tinnitus, tremors, blurred vision following local injections of the anesthetic

Avoid IV use

Pregnancy Category: C

Lactation: excretion in milk unknown; use with caution

Adults

Local, Infiltrative, or Conductive Anesthesia in Dental Procedures

Infiltration: 0.5-2.5 mL injection of 4% solution; 20-100 mg total dose

Nerve block: 0.5-3.4 mL injection of 4% solution; 20-136 mg total dose

Oral surgery: 1-5.1 mL injection of 4% solution; 40-204 mg total dose

Not to exceed 7 mg/kg (0.175 mL/kg

Pediatric

Local, Infiltrative, or Conductive Anesthesia in Dental Procedures

<4 years: Safey and efficacy not established

4-16 years: Use lower end of dose range; 0.76-5.65 mg/kg used safely in simple procedures; 0.37-7.48 mg/kg used safely in complex procedures

Not to exceed 7 mg/kg (0.175 mL/kg) 

Articaine/epinephrine

injectable solution

  • 4% (40mg/mL)/1:100,000 (0.01mg/mL)
  • 4% (40 mg/mL)/1:200,000 (0.005mg/mL)
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