Allopurinol

DEA Class; Rx

Common Brand Names; Zyloprim, Aloprim

Patients with a history of severe reaction to any formulation of this drug

• Rash (1.5%)
• Nausea (1.3%)
• Renal failure (1.2%)
• Vomiting (1.2%)
• Amblyopia
• Arthralgias
• Blood dyscrasias
• Bronchospasm
• Cardiovascular abnormalities
• Cataracts
• Confusion
• Decrease in libido
• Dizziness
• Ecchymosis
• Electrolyte abnormalities
• Epistaxis
• Foot drop
• Hematuria
• Hepatotoxicity
• Hypotonia
• Iritis
• Kidney function abnormality
• Macular retinitis
• Malaise
• Neuritis

Discontinue at first sign of allergic reactions (first sign of rash, vasculitis, or Stevens-Johnson syndrome, drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and/or generalized vasculitis, irreversible hepatotoxicity)

The HLA-B*58:01 allele is a genetic marker for severe skin reactions indicative of hypersensitivity to allopurinol; patients who carry the HLA-B*58:01 allele are at a higher risk of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS); however, hypersensitivity reactions reported in patients who do not carry this allele; frequency of this allele is higher in individuals of African, Asian (e.g., Han Chinese, Korean, Thai), and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander ancestry; prior to starting therapy, consider testing for the HLA-B*58:01 allele in genetically at-risk populations; therapy not recommended in HLA-B*58:01 positive patients unless benefits clearly outweigh risks

Myelosuppression reported; use caution when administering other drugs known to cause myelosuppression

Hepatotoxicity (reversible) reported

Not for treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia

Use with caution in renal impairment

Available limited published data on allopurinol use in pregnant women do not demonstrate a clear pattern or increase in frequency of adverse developmental outcomes.

Allopurinol sodium

tablet

• 100mg
• 300mg

powder for injection

• 500mg/vial